MODELS
The most common types of container currently used are the following:
20 ft (6 m.) For solid charge
For general uses and solid charge. 20 ft (6 m.) Long. Are 8 ft (2.4 m.) Wide, so that the load center is 48 inches (1.200 mm.)
Container of 40 feet (12 m.) For solid charge.
For general uses and solid charge. Container of 40 feet (12 m.) Long. They have 8 feet (2.4 m.) Wide, so that the load center is 48 inches (1,200 mm.)
Open top
Containers of 20 feet (6 m.) And 40 feet (12 m.) With open top, for transporting goods are not damaged if they are exposed.
Tank container
Tank-container 20 feet (6 m.) For the transport of fluids (such as chemicals) within a frame type box. They may be 8 feet (2.4 m.) Or 8.6 feet (2.6 m.) Tall.
Half-height container
Container-silo of medium height. It can be open, hardtop or canvas, and solid walls or cage. Is 4 feet (1.2 m.) Or 4.3 feet (1.3 m.) High and can carry minerals or semi-finished materials.
Flat Rack
Flat folding containers: They consist of a flat platform and ends provided with vertical hinges that may be to form a module or container can be folded to allow the storage container in question.
Reefer container
Refrigerated containers 20 feet (6 m.) And 40 feet (12 m.) With doors at one end and a refrigeration unit incorporated in the end.
SIZES
The container standards are established by the International Standards Organization, ISO (International Standards Organization) and some of the measures and weights are:
Maximum weight:
20 feet (6 m) 44,800 lb (20.320kgs)
40 feet (12 m) 67,200 lb (30.480kgs)
However, a container may inadvertently loaded up to 10% more than specified, or off-center load. Therefore, a vehicle transporting containers must have an operating capacity of 75,000 lb (34,000 kg), with load center of 1,200 mm.
measures
Both measures 20-foot (6 m) as 40 feet (12 m) for solid filler can have the following measures in millimeters:
| Designation |
Overall height |
Internal height |
Overall width |
Overall length |
Internal width (40 feet) |
inside length (40 feet) |
Total length (20 feet) |
inside length (20 feet) |
| 8 pies | 2.438 | 2.197 | 2.438 | 2.299 | 12.192 | 11.998 | 6.058 | 5.867 |
| 8,5 pies | 2.591 | 2.350 | 2.438 | 2.299 | 12.192 | 11.998 | 6.058 | 5.867 |
| 9 pies | 2.735 | 2.494 | 2.438 | 2.299 | 12.192 | 11.998 | 6.058 | 5.867 |
| 9,5 pies | 2.918 | 2.677 | 2.438 | 2.299 | 12.192 | 11.998 | 6.058 | 5.867 |
All containers are equipped with wrought iron corners each of the eight corners (4 superiores and 4 below).
Each of these parts has a groove-shaped openings in both ends and the upper or lower face. A twistlock (twist lock), is inserted into the opening by the spreader belonging to a mobile equipment, which rotates 90 °, whereby the twistlock (Twist lock) is fixed to the container and locked, and it is ready for transport. The notches on the sides are for fastening in stowage for shipping.
Many containers box structure both feet 20 and 40, are provided with channels through which the forks, so that they can be manipulated by them are introduced.
SPECIAL CONTAINERS
They have developed special versions of containers to meet specific needs of specific trades. For example:
Matson Lines, a shipping line linking the western part of the United States to Hawaii, use a special container of 44 feet (13.4 m).-
Sealand, 35 and 40 feet. The type of 40 feet in length can be handled either through the corners located at 35 feet or 40 feet located. The former are of Sealand type differently from the ISO. The special containers are less than a third of the total population of containers, but indicate the need to adapt to unusual situations whenever necessary. They conform to ISO standards for weight, and are lifted from the same points as standard containers.
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF CONTAINER TRANSPORT
Like most innovative and progressive ideas that have caused greater impact on the world, the concept of containerization has its positives and negatives.
The advantages are:
Packin
- You may transport door to door.
- It reduces paperwork and warehousing costs and inventory.
- They are not precise intermediate manipulations, resulting in:
- Less damage.
- Reduced risk of theft.
- Less packaging costs.
- Increased labor productivity.
- Labor is required less, significantly reducing costs.
- The uniformity of the tasks minimizes the need for technical training.
- The constant load symmetry makes capital investments to long-term use.
- A wide range of goods can be transported by container.
Possible disadvantages are:
A large initial investment capital is needed to start the transport containers (containers, ships, terminal facilities and equipment.)
Some goods are not suitable or not economical to transport container.
Large-scale utilization is required. The containers are not always full when they are sent to the destination, and a container that is not fully loaded reduces profitability.
It is not always adequate cargo handling at the receiving location.
The fluctuating intensity in transport between two specific points adversely affects productivity.
TERMINOLOGY OF ISO CONTAINERS
Freight container Bluck:
Used for transporting bulk material. Typical ISO container No .: 80, 81, 82, 83, 85, 86, 87, 88.
Bulker Discharge Hatch:
bulk cargo container trapdoor located at the bottom of the door for discharge tumble.
Bulker Roof Hatch:
bulk cargo container trapdoor in the ceiling for refilling.
Cage-tainer:
Container base or platform with super cage structure. Typical No. container ISO., 67.
CFS:
container shipping, where the goods are pooled and packaged into containers Station.
Clip-on Unit:
separate cooling plant, which can supply insulated containers. You can create a container eccentrically loaded.
Closed-box container:
container completely closed by a rigid or permanent and stainless steel structure.
COFC:
Container Transport System for conventional rail wagons.:
Collapsible container:
container roof, doors and side walls can be dismantled, removed, or resting on its base, to reduce its volume. Necessary to transport empty.
Container block:
A number of containers stored and fixed horizontally.
Container head:
The end of a container without doors.
Container car:
Truck equipped with grappling device for ISO containers.
Container Truck:
Semitrailer equipped with grappling device for ISO containers.
Demountable body (swap body):
body semitrailer that can be removed from the chassis and place it in a truck, or vice versa.
Double-container train stach:
Train comprising a lower truck platform, which carries two containers in height (US only). ).
FCL:
container fully loaded. A container of goods for a single consignment.
Fork Pockets:
Openings to insert the forks of the truck, usually at the base of the ISO 20 ´container. Only to manipulate in vacuum.
Flat car-based station:
wagon with ISO container grips Platform.
Flat Container:
Sometimes referred to as flat-rack. A platform container without superstructure. but the top and bottom corners with ISO type carries holes for engagement. Typical ISO, No .: 60.
Gondola Flat:
Occasionally used to describe ISO containers open.
Haif-height container:
Containers height 4 ´or 4´3 "It may be open, rigid or canvas roof and walls Typical solid or cage ISO, No. .: 26..
Haif-tilt container:
Container with solid doors and complete structure, but open above and sides. ISO typical, No. .: 66.
Hard-top container:
A conventional ISO container retractable roof, doors in one or both ends and on one or both sides. ISO typical, No .: 03, 04.
Heated container:
Container with heat insulation and temperature maintenance. ISO typical, No. .: 33.
Intermodal Transport:
Load Movement (especially containers) using two or more transport methods in succession.
LCL:
Usually a container carrying goods for more than one consignment.
Lattice-sided container:
open or closed container with at least one fixed side with openings to provide ventilation..
Linkspan:
A ramp bridge where the boat ramp is supported, allowing access for RoRo tractors, trailers and trucks, avoids height changes due to tides. Mechanically-ventilated container: Container equipped with ventilation.
Container equipped with ventilation.:
MTO:
A longshoreman who completes a transport contract involving one or more methods of transport followed.
Open container:
Container with sides and / or ends made of bars or mesh, and homeless. Typical ISO, num .: 25, 26, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67.
Open-sided container:
Container with doors on the sides, awnings or shutters, making it possible to be completely open on one or both sides.
Open-top container:
Container with solid removable roof or canvas.
Open-topped reefer:
Container with removable roof with an insulating cover.
Open-wall container:
Container without one or more walls at the ends and sides, but with a structural base at the end and roof collection vertices. Typical ISO. No .: 61, 62, 63, 64, 67.
Overheigrit charge:
Container with removable roof for goods that can be raised above the roof of the container.
Piggy-back:
also defined as "swap-Ibody". Collection trailer road (usually transporting ISO containers) on a wagon. Widely used in USA
Ramp:
Suspension Bridge load placed on RoRo ships.
Rating:
The maximum gross weight of a container Payload = payload = gross weight less tare.
Reefer container:
Container insulated indoor temperature controlled by system inside itself or externally supplied refrigeration. ISO typical, No.: 30, 31, 32, 36, 37, 40, 41, 42.
Ro-Ro (Roll on-Roll of):
boat cargo space which is accessed horizontally. The load usually leads, dragging or carrying on board by means of tractors or trucks.
Soft-top container:
Container deployed awning canvas.
Tank container:
Container for transport of liquid or gas but without structure ISO container.
TEU:
A measure of capacity of [a ship container, stored in the terminal capacity expressed in terms of units 20´ .
TOFC:
Trailer on floor. Placing a highway trailer on a specially equipped car.
Tween deck:
Wineries ship to load the goods, situated between the bottom of the boat and the deck. The distinguished by its low ceiling and suitable for trucks.
Twistlocks:
lifting and safety closures for engaging the tops of the containers, and which are actuated manually or remotely to control its rotation.
Waste Cube:
exploited space inside a container, usually due to rupture of the stowage. You can move the eccentric weight.
References container handling
Vocabulary terminology employed in the port, 71,
Bondway, London SW8 1SH.
BITA, Buckhurst Hill, Ascot, Berkshire SL5 7RP.
Illustrated terminology used by the European Handling Federation (FEM).
Technical vocabulary published by IMO maritime terminology.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
http://www.guiadelamanutencion.com
